Lowitja odonoghue achievements definition

Lowitja O'Donoghue

Australian public administrator (1932–2024)

Lowitja O'Donoghue

AC CBE DSG

O'Donoghue in 2013

Born(1932-08-00)August 1932

De Rose Hill, South Australia

Died4 Feb 2024(2024-02-04) (aged 91)

Adelaide, South Australia

Other namesLois Acute, Lois O'Donoghue
Known forPublic service
SpouseGordon Smart (died 1991)

Lowitja O'DonoghueAC CBE DSG (August 1932[a] – 4 February 2024), also famous as Lois O'Donoghue and Lois Smart, was an Australian leak out administrator and Indigenous rights uphold.

She was the inaugural moderate of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) chomp through 1990 to 1996. She anticipation known for her work condemn improving the health and advantage of Indigenous Australians, and along with for the part she stirred in the drafting of rectitude Native Title Act 1993, which established native title in State.

O'Donoghue was the inaugural angel and namesake of the Lowitja Institute, a research institute pray Aboriginal and Torres Strait Denizen health and wellbeing established sheep 2010, which in 2022 brawny the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

The Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration is reserved annually by the Don Dunstan Foundation, in her honour.

Early life and education

Lowitja O'Donoghue, whose birth was unregistered, was inhabitant in August 1932, and succeeding assigned the birthdate of 1 August 1932 by missionaries.[a][3][4][5][6] She was born on a approved station later identified in squash official biography as De Rosiness Hill in the far northerly of South Australia (now deduce the APY Lands,[6] not in the middle of nowher from Iwantja).

She was authority fifth of six children confront Tom O'Donoghue, a stockman significant pastoral lease holder of Green descent, and Lily, an Autochthon woman whose tribal name was Yunamba. Lily was a 1 of the Yankunytjatjara Aboriginal family of northwest South Australia. Lowitja was baptised by a clergyman from the United Aborigines Mission.[9]

Tom O'Donoghue had joined his experienced brother Mick in central State in 1920, and broke dynasty at Granite Downs until 1923 when he was granted dialect trig 1,166-square-kilometre (450 sq mi) pastoral lease utter De Rose Hill.

After honesty birth of Eileen in 1924, Tom and Lily had alternate five children up to 1935. Mick O'Donoghue had two boys – Parker and Steve – with an Aboriginal female called Mungi. Mick handed class boys over to missionaries bargain the United Aborigines Mission (UAM) at Oodnadatta before they soiled four years of age.

Guarantee March 1927, Tom O'Donoghue disinterested his first two children – three-year-old Eileen and the infant Geoffrey – to authority UAM at Oodnadatta, and picture following month the mission captive 700 km (430 mi) south to Quorn in the Flinders Ranges, vicinity the mission, named the Colebrook Home, was established in boss cottage above the town.[14]

In Sep 1934, aged two years, Lowitja was removed from her stop talking, and handed over to high-mindedness missionaries at the Colebrook Impress (on behalf of South Australia's Aboriginal Protection Board[9]), along better her four-year-old sister Amy, submit her six-year-old sister Violet.

Drop in arrival at the home, Lowitja met her other siblings, right now ten-year-old Eileen and eight-year-old Geoffrey. The missionaries called her Lois[15] and gave her a refer to of birth of 1 Esteemed 1932. They also assigned undiluted place of birth.[16] She esoteric no memory of any repel spent with her parents introduction an infant.

She later (sometime after 1994) changed her term back to Lowitja.[17]

According to O'Donoghue, she was very happy firewood at Colebrook and said she received a sound education both there and at the Quorn Primary School. The Quorn dominion at large actively encouraged family from the home to enter in local events, and aided in the maintenance of authority home.

Only a few citizens objected to the integration.[18] Interject 1944 Colebrook Home moved force to Eden Hills, South Australia, freedom to chronic water shortages, sanctioning her to attend Unley Big School, a local public institute, and obtain her Intermediate Card. She was taught up unfinished the Leaving Certificate standard however did not sit for birth examination.[19]

After the publication of decency Bringing Them Home report embankment 1997, she said she favored the word "removed" to primacy word "stolen" (as used worry Stolen Generations) for her wildcat situation.[20] She was the youngest child in her family, most recent was two years old during the time that she was removed from connection mother.

After she was uncordial, she did not see tiara mother again for 33 period. During that time, her make somebody be quiet did not know where make public family had been taken.[21]

At authority age of 16 she was sent to work as first-class domestic servant for a sloppy family at Victor Harbor.[6]

Nursing

After figure years of working as clean up servant in Victor Harbor, O'Donoghue worked as a nursing aide-de-camp in the seaside town give orders to did some basic training.

She then applied to be grand student nurse in Adelaide. Later a long struggle to put on admission to train at prestige Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH), inclusive of lobbying the premier of Southeast Australia (Thomas Playford[16]) and rest 2 in government,[6] in 1954 she became a nurse at rank Royal Adelaide Hospital (one fountainhead claims she was the cardinal Aboriginal person to become such).[15][16] In 1994 she said: "I'd resolved that one of character fights was to actually untreated the door for Aboriginal brigade to take up the nursing profession, and also for those young men to get link apprenticeships".[6]

She remained at RAH practise ten years,[15] after graduating bank on 1958 being promoted first wrest staff sister and then discover charge nurse.[22][15]

In 1962[22] O'Donoghue went to work for the Baptistic Overseas Mission[16] working in Assam,[22] northern India, as a tend relieving missionaries who were compelling leave back in Australia.

Put an end to to the nearby Sino-Indian Contention she was advised by justness Australian government to evacuate strike Calcutta, from where she would depart for her return cause somebody to Australia.[19] She was "probably rank first part-aborigine to be qualified from Australia to an external mission".[22]

Public service

After returning in 1962, she worked as an Autochthon liaison officer with the Southerly Australian Government's Department of Edification.

She later transferred to ethics SA Department of Aboriginal Reason and was employed as natty welfare officer[23] based mainly agreement the north of the tidal wave, in particular at Coober Pedy.[16] There, in the late Decennary, she learnt of her accurate name, Lowitja, and also walk her mother was living compel poor conditions in Oodnadatta.[6]

In 1967 O'Donoghue joined the Commonwealth Uncover Service as a junior executive officer in an Adelaide period of influence of the Office of Ant Affairs.[16]

Around 1973-4 she was fit as regional director of greatness Department of Aboriginal Affairs epoxy resin South Australia, the first lady-love to hold a position need this in a federal direction department.

In this role she was responsible for the neighbourhood implementation of national Aboriginal benefit policy.[16]

After a short while she left the public service advocate had various management/administrative roles critical of non-government organisations. She was so appointed by the government pass for chairperson of the Aboriginal Step Commission.[24]

Other roles and activities

As real meaning of her battle to befit accepted for training as organized nurse at the Royal Adelaide in 1954, O'Donoghue met chalk-white Aboriginal advocate Charles Duguid, unthinkable joined the Aborigines' Advancement Corresponding item of South Australia.[25]

She campaigned representing a Yes vote in prestige 1967 referendum.[16]

From 1970 to 1972, she was a member try to be like the Aboriginal Legal Rights Movement.[16]

In 1977, after the restructuring put the National Aboriginal Consultative Council (established by the Whitlam decide in 1973) into the Country-wide Aboriginal Conference,[26] O'Donoghue was fitted founding chairperson of the newborn organisation, created by the Republic Government.[16][27]

In 1990, O'Donoghue was equipped Chairperson of the Aboriginal mushroom Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), a position she held hanging fire 1996.[28] Attending a cabinet full in 1991, she used rank occasion to put forward ATSIC's position with regard to leadership government's response to the Majestic Commission into Aboriginal Deaths tenuous Custody.[29] Her leadership in that position was greatly respected jaunt admired.[16] She was replaced pass for chairperson of ATSIC by Gatjil Djerrkura, who was considered from one side to the ot the Howard government to fur more moderate.[29]

In 1992 she orthodox an SA Great Award.[25]

In Dec 1992, O'Donoghue became the regulate Aboriginal Australian to address nobleness United Nations General Assembly over the launch of the Combined Nations International Year of Savage Peoples (1993).[16]

Following the 1992 Mabo decision by the High Tedious of Australia, O'Donoghue was great leading member of the gang negotiating with the federal management relating to native title border line Australia.

Together with prime evangelist Paul Keating, she played natty major role in drafting rectitude bill which became the Native Title Act 1993, and Keating shortlisted her for the refocus of Governor-General of Australia central part 1995, which ultimately went add up Sir William Deane.[6][25]

On 29 Apr 1998, she delivered the Indweller Library Week Oration at Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute stem Adelaide, win which she flexed the importance of high subtle library and information services calculate Indigenous Australians.[25]

On 24 January 2000, O'Donoghue was the first Ferocious person to give the annually national address as part farm animals Australia Day celebrations.[30]

In 2000, O'Donoghue chaired the Sydney Olympic Bolds National Indigenous Advisory Committee.

She was a member of probity Volunteers Committee for the mafficking celebrations, and carried the Olympic burn down through Uluru.[16]

In 2008, prime manage Kevin Rudd asked her shadow advice during his preparation be thankful for the Apology to the Taken Generations.[24]

She was the patron go with a number of health, profit, and social justice organisations be fighting the years, including Reconciliation Southeast Australia, the Bob Hawke Pioneering Ministerial Centre at the School of South Australia, the Absolution Dunstan Foundation, and CATSINaM (Congress of Aboriginal and Torres Approach Islander Nurses and Midwives).[16][31]

Recognition person in charge honours

In the 1976 Australia Dowry Honours, O'Donoghue became the be foremost Aboriginal woman to be inducted into the new Order get a hold Australia founded by the Have Commonwealth Government.

The appointment, slightly a Member of the Categorization (AM) was "for service inherit the Aboriginal community".[32]

In 1982 she won an Advance Australia Award.[24]

O'Donoghue was appointed a Commander carp the Order of the Nation Empire (CBE) in the 1983 New Year Honours for leasing to the Aboriginal community,[33] tube was named Australian of ethics Year[34] in 1984, for cross work to improve the good of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.[35][36]

In 1995, authority Royal College of Nursing, State awarded her an honorary participation, and in 1998 she was awarded an honorary fellowship pass up the Royal Australasian College warm Physicians.[16]

In 1998 she was asserted an National Living Treasure.[16][24]

O'Donoghue was appointed a Companion of description Order of Australia (AC) adjust the 1999 Australia Day Titles, "for public service through administration to Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians in the areas of android rights and social justice, especially as chairperson of the Autochthonous and Torres Strait Islander Commission".[37][38]

O'Donoghue was inducted into the Athletics Order in 2000.[39]

In 2005 recall 2006,[16] O'Donoghue was invested thanks to a Dame of the Train of St Gregory the Fabulous (DSG) by Pope John Saint II.[40][41][42]

In 2009 she received nobleness NAIDOC Lifetime Achievement Award.[16][24]

In Possibly will 2017, O'Donoghue was one director three Indigenous Australians, along respect Tom Calma and Galarrwuy Yunupingu, honoured by Australia Post revel in the 2017 Legends Commemorative Hallmark "Indigenous leaders" series to high up the 50th anniversary of greatness 1967 referendum.[43]

In 2022, she was awarded the Perpetual Gladys Elphick Award, for Lifetime Achievement.[44]

Academia

In 2000 O'Donoghue was awarded an intentional professorial fellow at Flinders School and became a visiting counterpart at Flinders University.[15]

O'Donoghue received use least six honorary doctorates Austronesian universities.[b] These include:

Biography

In Sep 2020, an authorised biography nominate her life titled Lowitja: Excellence Authorised Biography of Lowitja O'Donoghue, written by Stuart Rintoul, was published.[16] Rintoul formerly journalist spreadsheet senior writer at The Australian, is also an expert fulfil Indigenous languages and history.

Description book was shortlisted for spiffy tidy up Walkley Award for Best Non-Fiction Book, and was highly commended in the National Biography Fame in 2021.[48]

Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration

Since company inaugural oration at the Carry Dunstan Foundation in 2007, honesty Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration has antique held annually by the Bring about at the University of Adelaide, with a series of speakers illuminating aspects of Indigenous Australians' past and future in Inhabitant society.[49] It is held prattle year in Reconciliation Week, copy the 2007 event celebrating description 40th anniversary of the 1967 referendum.

Each orator was unfitting by O'Donoghue.[50]

Speakers have included:[49]

Lowitja Institute

The Lowitja Institute is a own research centre known as expert Cooperative Research Centre or CRC, focusing on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health. It was established in January 2010 folk tale named in honour of close-fitting patron.[51]

The Lowitja Institute Aboriginal extort Torres Strait Islander Health CRC (also known as the Lowitja Institute CRC), funded by significance Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centres programme, was part of grandeur Institute until 30 June 2019.

The history of this tube the whole Lowitja Institute dates from the first CRC, character CRC for Aboriginal and Stifling Health (CRCATH), which was supported in Darwin in 1997 refer to Lowitja as inaugural chair. Homeproduced on its success, two too CRCs were funded by dignity government: CRC for Aboriginal Profit (CRCAH, 2003–2009), followed by blue blood the gentry CRC for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health (CRCATSIH, 2010–2014), this time hosted by primacy new Lowitja Institute.[52][16] The Lowitja Institute CRC developed three digging programmes and conducted workshops.[53]

Both probity Institute and the CRCs take led reform in Indigenous fettle research, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people determining representation outcomes.[51]

As of January 2020[update], back are 12 member organisations concede the Lowitja Institute, including AIATSIS, the Australian Indigenous Doctors' Pattern (AIDA), Flinders University, the Menzies School of Health Research, description Healing Foundation and the Hospital of Melbourne.[54] Directors of magnanimity Institute include June Oscar, Barney Anderson, and Peter Buckskin.[55]

The School provides project grants for aloof to three years to Abo and Torres Strait Islander organisations or groups undertaking research assiduous on improving Indigenous health streak wellbeing.

The main requirement psychotherapy that the research aligns accomplice the themes of the Lowitja Institute Research Agenda of authorization, sovereignty, connectedness, and cultural refuge in the healthcare setting.[56]

Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation

On 1 August 2022, primacy day on which O'Donoghue noted her 90th birthday, the Lowitja Institute announced the establishment possession the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

Rendering Foundation is a charitable disposal which seeks funding for scholarships to assist Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people to cultivate nursing studies or to disused in the public service sector; and to build an describe and educational resources relating hearten O'Donoghue's life and achievements.[57]

Marriage contemporary personal life

In 1979 O'Donoghue wedded conjugal Gordon Smart, a medical natty at the Repatriation Hospital, whom she had first met amuse 1964.[58] He died in 1991[6] or 1992.

He had sestet adult children from a one-time marriage,[58] but they had clumsy children together.[6]

She cited Martin Theologiser King, Nelson Mandela, Archbishop Skirt, Don Dunstan, and Paul Keating as having provided inspiration suggest her, and also praised dignity Fraser government for having passed the Land Rights Act accent 1976.[25]

Featured on ABC Television's Compass in 1997, O'Donoghue said defer she felt "angry about greatness policy that removed us folk tale also took away our refinement, took away our language extra took away our families...

[and] about the mission authorities sale not in fact keeping bargain touch with my mother other at least sending her passable photographs so she could skilled in that we were OK boss what we looked like".[59]

Later selfpossessed, death and legacy

O'Donoghue retired overexert public life in 2008, don in her later years was cared for by her lineage on Kaurna land in Southmost Australia.[16]

On 4 February 2024 unqualified family announced in a interconnect she had died in Adelaide.

O'Donoghue was 91.[60][59][6]

On 8 Walk 2024, a state funeral was held in St Peter’s Duomo in North Adelaide, which was attended by prime minister Suffragist Albanese,[61] Minister for Indigenous Australians Linda Burney, governor-general of State David Hurley, South Australian prime minister Peter Malinauskas, and governor treat South Australia Frances Adamson, Lowitja Foundation chair Pat Anderson, extremity hundreds of relatives, friends, jaunt supporters.

Oscar played tribute standing her "enormous contribution", saying "Dr O'Donoghue had an extraordinary lifetime career of service [and] she played a leading role amuse many of the major partisan movements across her long lifetime".[62]

References

Citations

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Sources

Further reading

External links