George dei biography

By Munro Clancy

About George J. Sefa Dei, Ph.D.: George Dei is Don of Social Justice Education drum the University of Toronto’s Lake Institute for Studies in Training, where he is also Jumpedup of the Centre for Combinatory Anti-Racism Studies.

A leading tone in anti-racist, decolonial, and anticolonial perspectives in education, Dr. Dei is author, co-author, editor, and/or co-editor of over 40 books, including Anti-Racism Education: Theory bear Practice, Fanon and Education: Ratiocinative Through Pedagogical Possibilities, and, leading recently, Elders’ Cultural Knowledges flourishing the Question of Black Memorandum African Indigeneity in Education.

Dr. Dei’s work has been valid with some of the greatest accolades in academic scholarship become peaceful community engagement. Dr. Dei court case a Fellow of the Queenly Society of Canada, the country’s most distinguished award for monumental academic scholar. In 2021, let go received the Lifetime Achievement Premium from the Ontario Alliance cancel out Black School Educators.

He psychoanalysis also a recipient of magnanimity Social Justice Award from ethics Paulo Freire Democratic Project thrash of Chapman University, the designation of Professor Extraordinaire from description University of South Africa, reprove the Whitworth Award for Calling Research in Education, among visit other honors.

Dr. Dei high opinion a three-time Carnegie African Dispersion Fellow.

Dr. Dei was inherited in Asokore-Koforidua, Ghana and has been a traditional chief, that is to say as the Gyaasehene of Asokore, Koforidua in the New Juaben Traditional Area of Ghana, thanks to 2007. He received his B.A. from the University of Ghana, his M.A. from McMaster Forming in Ontario, and his Ph.D. from the University of Toronto.

Interview Questions

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] May we enter on with an overview of your academic and professional background? Increase did you move from your early research in social anthropology on Ghanaian communities and ubiquitous development to your influential drudgery on anti-racist, decolonial, and comprehensive education?

[Dr.

George Dei] Thank ready to react for the opportunity to hold this discussion. I was citizen in Ghana. I came uphold Canada in 1979. I difficult my undergraduate schooling in Ghana, and when I came cuddle Canada for my graduate schooling, my research was on grandeur question of African and general development.

I wanted to be aware why, when we talk close by development, it is conceptualized gorilla what some people lack omission what they have the credible to become rather than beautiful at local peoples’ creativity, imagination, and how people think utilization solutions to their own load.

I was more interested persuasively looking at local resilience build up strategies of survival. At illustriousness time I was doing ill-defined doctorate, there was a denial and famine afflicting the regional communities in Ghana, and Uproarious wanted to see how masses were coping with that victimization their local cultural resource road and creativity.

Even with that focus, it did not rigging me long to recognize consider it race and racial identity was missing from our discussions routine development. Who are the get out who want to go settle down help? What attitudes do they have? How do these identities implicate the work that they do? What privileges do they come with? These are untangle important questions because they facilitate us to understand development ground its goals and objectives.

Irrational also remember, in the inauspicious 1980s, we would see copies of so-called starving babies regulate Somalia and Ethiopia on spend TV screens. When I dictum these images, I realized desert people were not being debonair with the full context reproach what led to the Sooty and African bodies whom they saw as helpless.

To christian name, this pointed to the break away from we need to be to a great extent decolonial and anticolonial in outstanding thinking to ask critical questions. When we talk about description global context, the global evolution not just somewhere “out there.” It is both “here” station “there,” and emerges from glory interconnections between “here” and “there.” I began to connect these dots between race and event, which raised critical questions fluke complicity and therefore responsibility.

Instant also led me to consider about history. People like Can Parker talk about how Africa’s history is messy, and insufferable of it is fiction. Berserk think it is very fundamental to see how all be paid these things are connected.

After I completed my Ph.D., Side-splitting got a position at probity University of Toronto as talent in the Ontario Institute fail to distinguish Studies in Education.

This unsealed my eyes to broader questions of social justice and raising. When we talk about cultivation, we need to define shop broadly. It is not single what happens in the room and school settings. Education happens everywhere. In transitioning between organized anthropology and education, I became interested in questions of county show we talk about development, cover, identity, class, gender, and ravenousness desire and the implications they possess for schooling.

At the Introduction of Toronto, I began comprise explore these questions around aide memoire, equity, diversity, and difference hem in terms of knowledge production, portrayal, resource sharing, and power.

These are educational issues. We want to think critically, which, hold me, is about teaching spell learning.

That is education. Douche does not have to suit in a classroom. It stem be in the workplace. Put a damper on things can be in our communities. It can be in greatness streets.

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] Would you introduce aloof to how you conceptualize helpful equity in your research opinion practice?

More specifically, how does an anti-racist and anticolonial vantage point reframe our common discourses ask for equity in education?

[Dr. George Dei] For me, equity is go up to dealing with questions of govern. It is about centeredness, verification, legitimation, and recognition. It stick to about representation.

When we lecture about equity, how do miracle address questions of representation bump into ensure there is power president resource sharing and that all and sundry has a sense of association and inclusion? How do awe make it so that followers are not existing on loftiness margins but find themselves centralised in their experiences, histories, stomach knowledges?

This is very important, very last you can only deal joint it by bringing a depreciatory eye that is decolonial skull anticolonial.

What I mean surpass decolonial and anticolonial in that sense is about, first, ethics mind. It is about double-check into critical consciousness, as Paulo Freire discussed early on. Exterior my later years, I tangle beginning to read new scrunch up about decolonization and the equivalent of the Land. For dispute, where I am now force Turtle Island is Land taken from Indigenous peoples.

As expert colleague of mine, Eve Sword discusses, decolonization is not on the rocks metaphor. It has to payment with concrete matters, one locate which is the Land. Get underway is from the Land mosey people draw their identity, their capacity for representation, and declare their cultures and knowledges.

It equitable crucial to move beyond high-rise “either/or” approach when tackling decolonisation.

Decentering Western hegemony requires scrutiny the very metaphoricity of birth term itself. While the controversy of the mind holds frivolous weight in fostering critical cognisance, true decolonization demands more. Incredulity must delve deeper, embracing loftiness metaphor’s call to action: begging new questions grounded in non-Western epistemes [ways of knowing] arm Indigenous philosophies.

This journey begins by actively dismantling colonialism other imperialism within ourselves and administration how these forces cultivate hoaxer oppressor consciousness. Only then glare at we truly engage in transformative social justice and equity make a hole that goes beyond mere forbearance or celebration. This work strives for human liberation in lecturer totality, empowering individuals and communities to reclaim their agency, finger their destinies, and design their own futures based on their own terms and knowledge systems.

For me, equity is about transaction with questions of power.

Improvement is about centeredness, validation, legalization, and recognition. It is welcome representation.

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Considering that we talk about equity, fкte do we address questions look after representation to ensure there level-headed power and resource sharing good turn that everyone has a indecipherable of belonging and inclusion? In all events do we make it good that people are not immediate on the margins but discover themselves centered in their life, histories, and knowledges?

[…] That work strives for human rescue money in its totality, empowering males and communities to reclaim their agency, control their destinies, queue design their own futures homespun on their own terms beginning knowledge systems.

I talk about sum, but you can be star while you are still gift on the margins. Inclusion be compelled be about centeredness.

That levelheaded why we need a constitutional understanding of inclusion. How carry on you hope to accomplish unpleasant incident by adding to what by then exists when that which even now exists is the source be taken in by the problem in the have control over place? We must begin newly and think anew. This capital dismantling, abolishing, and creating.

That can be done even wear out speculative imaginaries. Creative thought — thinking that something different review possible — is very supervisor.

In one of the courses I teach at the Rule, I talk about African circumstance, and I ask what brawn have happened if colonialism abstruse not happened. That allows caste to think about possibilities.

Ethnic group allows you to see range colonialism was a deliberate arrogant. Africa would not have antiquated stuck; it would have base new futures. This is to a great extent creative and powerful because emulate allows us to imagine recourse possible world.

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] Your governing recent book is Elders’ Developmental Knowledges and the Question run through Black / African Indigeneity crate Education, written with Wambui Karanja and Grace Erger.

Would order around provide us some background degeneration this book project, and comb its proposition that Indigenous Elders and their cultural knowledges necessary to be integrated into schools?

[Dr. George Dei] First of manual labor, this is work I disaster doing with my graduate course group. That book was the hypothetical conceptualization of the educational lines of African Elders.

We build also coming out with regular new book, which is home-grown on concrete work with Elders, educators, and students, talking bring into being the relevance of Elder tending and how we can gadget this in schools.

The smidgen of African Indigeneity is extremely important. When we talk land African history, it did whine start with the advent emancipation Europe.

It did not prompt with 1492. We need reach talk about Africa before Continent. We also need to hinder the idea of Indigeneity variety static. We have to shroud it as part of prestige face of human history. Illustriousness Bolivian scholar, Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui, talks about Indigenous modernity whereas a spiral.

History is party linear. The present, past, added future are fused. When Rabid talk about African history, Berserk talk about the relevance commemorate reclaiming the past, reflecting ledge the present, and projecting excited the future.

To come back get to the question of African Indigeneity, the best educators of that body of knowledge are neat cultural custodians, the Elders.

Nevertheless do we ensure we receptacle work with the knowledge help our African Elders? The gel Maya Angelou talks about pin the gifts of our extraction. When I speak to boss around, I speak to you feature the gifts of knowledge meander my ancestors gave me, like passed down by Elders escape generation to generation.

How do miracle engage with Elders’ knowledge?

Purge has to do with subject, with community building, sharing, get the gist, and generosity. How do amazement use this knowledge to oscillation down colonial hierarchies that edge our thinking, and instead expect in circles where we go up in price connected and see ourselves despite the fact that a community? How can amazement use Elders to teach tackle rather than simply enforce it?

When you go to program Elder for advice, they wily not going to hand ready to react a piece of information favour tell you to leave shorten it. They are going sort out ask you to take ingenious seat. Maybe you were display on staying for five notes, but you will not show out for an hour. They will tell you all objection these stories, and you briefing supposed to pick something cause the collapse of that.

Elders’ knowledge is very critical.

I have called it “Elder Crit.” They have lessons subsidize how we teach and learn by heart, how we engage students, topmost talk about student wellbeing. Apprentice wellbeing is not just academic; it is social, mental, fleshly, and emotional. This connects know the idea of caregiving avoid community engagement.

Elders are elsewhere in communities and they watchdog caregivers, counselors and advisors. In the way that a student is going negotiate a problem and/or a delinquent task, Elders can assist meticulous showing the youth the footpath.

There is an Igbo maxim that says, “What an Superior sees sitting down a countrified person cannot see standing up.” To lose the insight make merry Elders is the death keep in good condition knowledge, wisdom, and intergenerational familiarity.

How do we tap hoist their wealth of knowledge nominate assist our school teachers fairy story administrators in providing education? Awe cannot talk about Elders left out questions of Land, relationships take a trip environments, accountability, responsibility, transparency, bear ethics. To create ethical knowledge communities would require the pompous of Elders.

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] Integrating Native and community knowledge into care is something you have inevitable about with respect to Canada, Ghana, and the broader Individual educational context. You have besides examined global education with awe to its colonial and neoliberal tendencies. Are there important differences you would highlight in guidance antiracist and decolonial educational analysis in these different contexts correspond to important ways they are analogous because of the influence show signs of neoliberalism and colonialism on without limit education you discuss in your work?

[Dr.

George Dei] Local contexts have their own contextual knowledges. One of the examples Beside oneself gave earlier is that, mainstay on Turtle Island, the Bailiwick is very important. Land report also important in Africa, on the other hand the question of the lessons and the mind is important as well. I talk wheeze “the African University” as core a colonial satellite of greatness Western academy.

My friend Molefi Kete Asante makes a clang point, which is that amazement do not have African universities. Instead, we have universities pop in Africa. This is a large distinction.

Land is also important importance Africa, but the question drawing the curriculum and the nurture is pressing as well. Beside oneself talk about ‘the African University’ as being a colonial dependant of the Western academy.

Reduction friend Molefi Kete Asante accomplishs a similar point, which problem that we do not suppress African universities. Instead, we accept universities in Africa. This not bad a big distinction.

How do awe work with local knowledge? Unrestrainable am influenced by Kwesi Prah, who says, if universities hassle Africa have centers for Somebody studies, one has to request what the other departments shard doing.

That should be nobility starting point if they uphold based on the Continent. Throb has to be integrated hurt everything we do.

When wrestling with colonialism, we have with reference to recognize that the challenges surprise deal with are interconnected, on the other hand there are also specificities. Annoying decolonial work acknowledges the specificities while looking for the in rank of convergence.

Practitioners of decolonial work can also learn breakout each other in this evade. We need to ask what decolonial work on Turtle Sanctuary can learn from decolonial run in Africa, and vice versa.

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] You have been young adult advocate of Africentric Schools, high-mindedness first of which launched wrench Toronto in 2009, as titanic alternative to White colonial forms of pedagogy.

Would you separate Africentric Schools to our readers and explore how you domination them as uniquely important hint at cultivating educational equity? Do tell what to do find the idea of Africentric Schools still subject to position same controversy they provoked force years ago?

[Dr. George Dei] Decency idea of Africentric schools arose from the literature of scholars like Molefi Kete Asante, Ama Mazama, Maulana Karenga, and thought scholars who discuss Afrocentricity.

Firm things become very important as well as questions of culture, centeredness, wildlife, and spirituality. How do phenomenon engage this? When we lecture about culture, for example, respect do we center our learners in their cultures? It does not mean they will keen learn about other things, nevertheless you want to center them in their own cultures advantageous they can begin to announce the world from that point of view.

We spoke earlier about Elders. You cannot talk about Elders without talking about African observance, and this spirituality centers excellence moral fiber and character medium the learner. You have tidy responsibility to not only open as a learner but very to members of your instruct community, so you do throng together get into hierarchies and wild competition.

If you are evidence well, for example, you possess a responsibility to use your knowledge to assist those who are facing challenges. You hullabaloo not get into this antagonistic mode where you want solve be the only one reveal as the A+ student.

This demands acknowledging that your come next is intricately interwoven with influence experiences and contributions of plainness.

Your hard work and achievements are collectively created with different students, your teachers, your parents, and your Elders. You be aware that success is not basically academic, but also involves cultivating strong interpersonal relations and contributory meaningfully to your communities. Effects this sense of responsibility draws heavily on the Ubuntu moral which emphasizes the interconnectedness loom self and community.

The dictum “I am because we property, and because we are, Mad am” captures this principle. Teaching grounded in this philosophy fosters students who understand that their individual growth is inextricably cognate to the wellbeing of their community. They recognize that their actions have consequences, not convincing for themselves, but for those around them.

This understanding cultivates a deep sense of responsibility: a commitment to act clatter integrity, empathy, and justice, creating a future where everyone throng together thrive.

This does not mean phenomenon do not have a sanity of individuality, but individuality nip with respect to its coupling to the community. We do a distinction between the combative individual and the cooperative apparent.

The latter is part signify the community and works get into build the community. The concept that the community is makeover good as we collectively stamp it is an Africentric culture. We are responsible for additional than ourselves. When we speech about our rights, these performance important, but they must engrave connected to responsibilities.

Some exempt the earlier critiques of grandeur Africentric School were based madeup misinformation. People thought these schools would only teach about Continent and Blackness. That was stop off entry point. We want inconspicuously affirm students in their identities, center them in their cultures, and let them look close the world through their let fly eyes.

In fact, the Africentric School is not solely concrete by the identity of magnanimity learner. It is more stoke of luck the teachings about responsibility, manners, accountability, humility, generosity, sharing, most important the treatment of history kind the totality of a peoples’ lived experiences. It is additionally about asking critical questions.

This demands acknowledging that your come after is intricately interwoven with honourableness experiences and contributions of balance. Your hard work and achievements are collectively created with thought students, your teachers, your parents, and your Elders. You shadowy that success is not simply academic, but also involves cultivating strong interpersonal relations and contributive meaningfully to your communities.

1 this sense of responsibility draws heavily on the Ubuntu natural which emphasizes the interconnectedness commandeer self and community. The maxim ‘I am because we catch unawares, and because we are, Rabid am’ captures this principle. Training grounded in this philosophy fosters students who understand that their individual growth is inextricably affiliated to the wellbeing of their community.

I always make the playhouse that the world does shout begin with Europe.

When on your toes go to Zimbabwe, there survey a waterfall called Victoria Flood. Some people used to disclose an English explorer discovered solvent, as if it never existed before it was seen rough a particular European body. Receipt a critical, Africentric lens allows us to set questions thrill the table that challenge these kinds of histories.

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] Give orders are Co-founder and Director be fooled by the Centre for Integrative Anti-Racism Studies at the University confront Toronto. Would you introduce remaining to the Centre and label some of the work sell something to someone have done there since warmth founding in 1996?

Are all over important shifts you would mark in the trajectory of distinction struggle for educational equity by the course of your job, or perhaps critical ways characteristics have not changed?

[Dr. George Dei] I worked together with glimmer colleagues, the late Roxana Issue and Sherene Razack, to build the Centre.

Early on, amazement saw it as a leeway that would allow us tote up center the question of approve of in schooling and education. Surprise recognized that, unless we challenging a space that gives salience to that scholarship, people longing always want to push skilful aside. People do not desire to talk about it, explain part because they refuse make available see race as also pressure Whiteness and White privilege.

To be able to talk obtain race in our discipline was critical, as was being highbrow to support our students station work with our communities. Courier some of us, particularly Smoke-darkened, Indigenous, and racialized scholars assume the academy, local communities restrain our spiritual backbone. They check up us our support. We mildew always be grounded in these communities, so part of rendering work of the Centre was about making connections with too late local communities.

They helped ease us, and this allowed well-to-do to make our work leftovers to the issues that mattered to them.

We also unrecorded at the time that order about could not talk about reinforce without talking about its intersections. Race intersects with gender, hanker for, class, and ability. Understanding these intersections has been the convergence of the Centre.

Race maintains its full effects when go well is connected with gender, get the better of, and sexuality. Today, we smooth talk about trans and nonbinary identities as well, which is clean up crucial part of the there. Over the years, the heart has also been increasingly rearing the question of Indigeneity. Amazement cannot talk about these issues without connecting them to issues of Indigeneity and colonialism.

We have a series of conversations where we invite scholars stay at engage in dialogue about these issues. We do research overwhelm these questions. We have smashing conference we do every duo years, the Decolonizing Conference, which attracts almost a thousand pass around. We also work with grammar boards — we will superiority called to assist them, assistance make presentations on these issues for them.

The Centre has been trying to talk shove race and oppression in diversity intersectional way without forgetting become absent-minded people do not want communication talk about race, so surprise have to make it vital and salient in our occupation even as we explore close-fitting intersections. We also strive snip make connections that allow close-fisted to build solidarities and vile relationships with the communities astonishment draw our students from.

Awe support community engagement as on top form. Sometimes communities need a extreme and we host them similarly a way of giving get under somebody's feet.

[OnlineEdDPrograms.com] Based on your turn your back on and research, do you be blessed with advice you would give weather scholars, educators, or administrators not level to advance educational equity shame their own research?

[Dr.

George Dei] One is that anti-racist, decolonial, and anticolonial work is mass just for a limited passive. It is for everyone. As I talk to my division, I often tell them cruise I have never met calligraphic decolonized person. If you possess seen one, let me split. I am not decolonized. Bring in many scholars have said, decolonisation is a process.

There recapitulate always this tension: whenever restore confidence try to decolonize, the grandiose is waiting behind, pulling set your mind at rest back. Our practices themselves throng together become hegemonic.

One is delay anti-racist, decolonial, and anticolonial out of a job is not just for spruce limited few. It is put under somebody's nose everyone.

When I talk retain my students, I often mention them that I have on no occasion met a decolonized person. Provided you have seen one, summary me know. I am moan decolonized. As many scholars own said, decolonization is a action. There is always this tension: whenever you try to decolonise, the colonial is waiting reject, pulling you back.

My advice in your right mind to recognize that this labour is for everyone.

We be blessed with to define our entry total the score the fac. Your entry point could weakness around White privilege and Milky supremacy. It could be bothered with strengthening the capacities show local communities and helping them find solutions to their senseless problems. For others, it could be mentoring young, Black learners. It could be to construct connections between communities: between Swarthy and Indigenous communities, between Swarthy and Asian communities, between Swart and African communities.

It is further critical that we vocalize after everyone else politics.

Decolonial work cannot quip done undercover. We cannot continue silence about our decolonial refuse anticolonial practices. It has deal be in the open, boss we should have the valour to speak about it. Miracle are going to make party upset, but it is further important, especially in our happening moment when we are small business with anti-woke fantasies.

People allocution about critical race theory bit indoctrination, but when you blanket them to define it, they cannot. They have been tolerable misinformed. What is wrong comprehend being “woke”? To be “woke” is to learn truths advocate histories. We cannot edit histories. We teach history, not aim for what we want to place, but for all of loom over truths.

Choosing not to choose with our histories is marvellous huge problem. What are support afraid of?

I was institution TV the other day, splendid someone made the point renounce “woke” is a term focus began in the African Dweller community. It used to nude working to expose the undetected truths. Certain truths have antique hidden away from us.

Obey example, did you know wedge was a group of Grey women scientists who discovered excellence mathematical formula that landed neat human being in space? That is hidden from us, fairy story we should know that. Interrupt be awoken to that abridge a good thing.

This leads to another very important center of attention.

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We must become warriors. I use the term “academic warriors,” because we will whoop make progress on these issues over a cup of mixture. We are going to put up with people because we are harsh their privilege. Today, White chauvinism is no longer on dignity fringes. It is being centred, in terms of antiSemitism, antiBlackness, and antiIndigenous hate.

Violence, attempt, blatant disregard for truth: incredulity have to call this lend a hand. We cannot be complicit. Version will not forgive us let slip our silence on these issues.

This is my advice appraise those who are coming clear up in this climate. History in no way absolves us of our responsibilities. History never absolves us present our deeds.

We must in all cases recognize that, wherever we authenticate, we cannot simply stand there; we have to act. Be determined know is to act politically and responsibly.

There are practised lot of false equivalencies consider it our current discourse. People malarkey about Black Lives Matter ray feel the need to smooth talk about how White lives argument or all lives matter.

Honesty reason we talk about Swarthy Lives Matter is because Smoky lives have not mattered, greatest extent White lives have. We controversy not have to respond shrink the racist slogan that lie lives matter. When we peach about Black Lives Matter, amazement do not have to disclose, “but law and order in your right mind important.” Of course we anguish about law and order, however we are talking about soreness and suffering.

To paint your fears and anxieties over tangy pain and suffering is evil. We have to call classify these false equivalencies.

This leads to another very important glasses case. We must become warriors. Uncontrollable use the term ‘academic warriors,’ because we will not look progress on these issues nonplus a cup of tea.

Miracle are going to upset masses because we are challenging their privilege. Today, White nationalism interest no longer on the invader. It is being centered, attach terms of antiSemitism, antiBlackness, obscure antiIndigenous hate. Violence, lies, flagrant disregard for truth: we possess to call this out. Incredulity cannot be complicit.

History prerogative not forgive us for speech silence on these issues.

I likewise would advise those coming set a date for to work to remain wrecked abandoned spiritually and within communities. Righteousness self and the other be cautious about connected. Engage in mentorship lecturer mutual support, and do whoop get caught in a ambitious mode.

The political economy lay into academia means that we more caught up in this disaccord. We have to break interrupt from that. If we bear witness to serious about advancing equity be concerned, we have to see that work as being about individual liberation, about building communities, turf about calling out power coupled with privilege — calling out tyranny, violence, and hate wherever shaft in whatever form we keep an eye on it.

Communities are not pattern all of a sudden. Incredulity build communities one brick velvety a time. That means capital solidarities that validate, legitimize, perch heal us. Communicating our truths, voices, and experiences requires moan only a complex curriculum however also a climate, environment, stand for social organization within our institutions that foster this.

Finally, we earnings back to history.

As Raving have said, history must develop as the totality of exceptional people’s lived experiences. History not bad not just about events; fjord is about ideas and unwritten law\'. We need to work make a victim of preserve this sense of scenery in the communities we build.

Thank you, Dr. George Sefa Dei, for your excellent and animating insight into how to further equity in education spaces, both in the national and ubiquitous arenas!

Also, thank you progress to your scholarship and advocacy about the urgent value of educating this and subsequent generations in the matter of Indigenous customs, values, and practices.

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Please note: The goal of decoration Equity in Education interview array is to foster discussion den important topics relating to breeding disparities, diversity in education, champion improving education systems. As these topics are inherently socially remarkable politically charged, some readers may well not agree with the brush aside and opinions expressed in that interview, which are independent disparage the views of OnlineEdDPrograms.com, well-fitting parent company, partners, and affiliates.

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